Anti SAA coated latex agglutination photometric immunoassay. SAA is a sensitive and rapid acute phase reactant for the monitoring of inflammatory diseases and assessing the prognosis.

Jacobsen S, Kjelgaard-Hansen M, Hagbard Petersen H, Jensen AL. Evaluation of a commercially available human serum amyloid A (SAA) turbidometric immunoassay for determination of equine SAA concentrations. The Veterinary Journal 2006; 172( 2): 315-19.

Hansen AE, Schaap MK, Kjelgaard-Hansen M. Evaluation of a Commercially Available Human Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Turbidimetric Immunoassay for Determination of Feline SAA Concentration. Vet Res Commun 2006; 30: 863–72.

Jacobsen S, Thomsen MH, Nanni S. Concentrations of serum amyloid A in serum and synovial fluid from healthy horses and horses with joint disease. Am J Vet Res 2006; 67(10): 1738-42.

After deproteinizing zinc forms a red chelate with 5-Br-PAPS (2-[(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo]-5-[N-propyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)amino]phenol) at pH 7.5-9.5  The formation is measured at 545 nm.

This indirect enzyme immunoassay is for the determination of Tg autoantibodies in canine serum. Purified canine Tg is coated on the wells of a 96-well polystyrene plate. Canine test sera, along with positive and negative canine control sera are added to the plate and allowed to bind. Enzyme labeled anti-immunoglobulin is then added and autoantibodies are allowed to incubate and bind. Enzyme substrate is then added and plate incubated. The higher the concentration of TgAA in the serum sample, the higher amount of substrate bound and the brighter the color. The reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution.

Total T4 is a solid-phase, chemiluminescent competitive immunoassay.
For detailed description: IMMULITE® 2000; Principles of operation

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Kaptein EM, Moore GE, Ferguson DC, Hoenig M. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine distribution and metabolism in thyroxinereplaced athyreotic dogs and normal humans. Am J Physiol 1993;264:E90-E100.

Lee DE, Lamb SV, Reimers TJ. Effects of hyperlipemia on radioimmunoassays for progesterone, testosterone, thyroxine and cortisol in serum and plasma samples from dogs. Am J Vet Res 1991;52(9):
1489-91.

Refetoff S. Thyroid function tests. In:DeGroot LJ, editor. Endocrinology. New York:Grune & Stratton, 1979;1:387-428.

Reimers TJ, Lamb SV, Bartlett SA, Matamoros RA, Cowan RG, Engle JS. Effects of hemolysis and storage on quantification of hormones in bloodsamples from dogs, cattle and horses. Am J Vet Res 1991;52(7):1075-80.

Reimers TJ, Lawler DF, Sutaria PM, Correa MT, Erb HN.Effects of age, sex, and body size on serum concentrations of thyroid and adrenocortical hormones in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1991;51(3):1489-91.

Thacker EL, Refsal KR, Bull RW. Prevalence of autoantibodies tothyroglobulin, thyroxine, or triiodothyronine and relationship of autoantibodies and serum concentrations of iodothyronines in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1992;53(4):449-53.

Tietz NW, editor. Clinical guide to laboratory tests. 3rd ed. Philadelphia:W.B. Saunders, 1995: 596.

Free T4 is a solid-phase, chemiluminescent, competitive analog immunoassay.For detailed description:
IMMULITE® 2000; Principles of operation

Free T4 procedure is a direct or single test assay, in the sense that its results are not calculated as a function of total T4, but interpolated from a (stored) standard curve calibrated in terms of free T4 concentrations. In this respect it differs from classic equilibrium dialysis methods and from so-called free T4 index determinations as well. It requires neither a pre-incubation step nor preliminary isolation of the free fraction by dialysis or column chroma-tography. The assay employs several features to preserve the equilibrium between free and protein-bound T4 and to measure accurately the unbound fraction. First, optimal concentrations of blocking agents prevent ligand-labeled T4 analog from binding to endogenous proteins (including albumin) while maintaining native T4 binding characteristics. The blocking agents also minimize artifacts arising from abnormal levels of albumin or free fatty acids. Second, the T4 analog has a nondetectable binding affinity for TBG. Third, the assay's specific antibody binds T4 about as tightly as albumin binds T4 and thereby avoids stripping the hormone from thyroid binding proteins. Finally, the procedure operates at physiological temperature, pH and ionic strength.

Hay ID, Bayer MF, et al. American Thyroid Association assessment of current free thyroid hormone and thyrotropin measurements and guidelines for future clinical assays. Clin Chem 1991;37:2002-8.

Lindstedt G, et al. Clinical use of laboratory thyroid tests and investigations. JIFCC 1994;6:136-41.

Mandel SJ, Brent GA, Larsen PR. Levothyroxine therapy in patients with thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:492-502.

Singer PA, Cooper DS, etal. Treatment guidelines for patients with
hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. JAMA 1995;273:808-12.

Witherspoon LR, El Shami AS, et al. Chemically blocked analog assays for
free thyronines. Clin Chem 1988;34:9–16 and 17–23.

Wosilait WD. A theoretical analysis of the distribution of thyroxine among sites on thyroid binding globulin, thyroid binding prealbumin and serum albumin. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1977;16:541–8.

This method is an endpoint chemistry. It is based on the measurement of the shift in absorption that occurs when pyrogallol red-molybdate complex binds with protonated basic amino groups of proteins at an acidic pH. The increase in absorbance at 596/694 nm is proportional to protein concentration in the sample.

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Tietz NW. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1995:520-521.

Fujita Y, Mori I, Kitano S. Color Reaction between Pyrogallol Red-Molybdenum Complex and Protein. Bunseki Kagaku 1983;32:E379-E386.

Henry RJ, Cannon DC, Winkelman JW. Clinical Chemistry, Principles and Techniques. 2nd ed. Harper & Row; 1974.

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (formerly NCCLS). Evaluation of Precision Performance of Quantitative Measurement Methods; Approved Guideline - Second Edition. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2004. NCCLS Document EP05-A2.